2024 will mark the hottest year in recorded history as global production of fossil fuels reaches record highs. Climate-related natural disasters continue to devastate the planet in the form of unprecedented floods, droughts, hurricanes, and wildfires, with marginalised and Indigenous communities, situated in the Global South, exposed to its worst impacts.

Global North countries have contributed the most to cumulative historical emissions and bear the most responsibility for the unfolding climate crisis. This year’s UN Climate Change Conference or Conference of Parties, COP 29, concluded with little evidence that could demonstrate whether the world leaders are responding to the climate crisis with urgency. The Global North governments left COP without pledging sufficient funds to support developing countries' low-carbon energy transition and adaptation to climate impacts.